Editing

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We have been asked to find definitions and examples on editing and sound in media and british filming in general.
I large and important part of filming is to do with editing. Editing is the process of preparing raw material for publication or broadcasting. I will be focusing on the use of transitions in editing such as dissolve, fade-in, fade-out, wipe, superimposition, long take, short take, slow motion, ellipsis and expansion of time and visual effects.

One of the topics that we where to define is the term post-production. The whole process of producing a film or video can be divided into a number of phases.
The pre-production phase consists of detailed planning, setting up locations where necessary and hiring a production crew. The production phase involving actual filming needs to be kept as short as possible since it is very expensive.
However, all film and television will require a post-production phase in which the results of production are prepared for broadcasting or distribution. Most important of all there has to be a process of editing of the raw rushes into a coherent film or television program. For many films (such as Transformers) this will involve complex visual effects and can be a long and expensive process.

Now for the definitions and examples.

Transitions: This refers to editing tool that people involved in post-production use to connect two pieces of video together, this may include some of the following, such as dissolve, fade-in, fade-out, wipe etc.

Dissolve: In film making where one shot fades in at the same time as another fades out.

Fade: This refers to the gradual appearance (fade in) or disappearance (fade out) in an image or shot in a visual narrative. Sound can also fade in or fade out.



Wipe: A technique in film and video editing whereby one image is replaced by another, typically by a line moving across the screen.

Superimposition: In film, this is to lay or place an image or a piece of video on or over something else.

Takes: This refers to the attempt at filming a particular scene or a portion of narrative. As is now well known from the popularity of out-take programs on TV, the production of the final take my involve many attempts.
These takes can be either categorized as a long take or small take, referring to the amount of time that passes while the camera is rolling.



Slow Motion: This is a special effect produced by the increasing the speed of film run through the camera, so that when the film is projected at the standard rate of twenty-four frames per second the action appears to be slowed down.

Expansion of Time: This is an editing tool to make the time n the film or video increase compared to the audiences real time.

Visual Effects: This is the artificially created (trick) images in film, often to create the illusion that an action that cannot be performed naturally - a man flying or a famous building being blown up - is actually happening.
There are three categories of special effect: those done on camera, those done on set and those carried out in post-production.
(the video below should jump straight to 2:05)